Muchinyorwa chanhasi tichataura nezve nhoroondo, kunyanya nhoroondo yeMac inoshanda masisitimu uye aya maMac masisitimu akafamba nzira inonakidza kubva pakuvambwa kwavo muna 1984, achigara achichinja kuti aenderane nekuchinja kwezvinodiwa nevashandisi uye tekinoroji hunyanzvi.
Sezvatakaona mune zvimwe zvinyorwa, kana chimwe chinhu chakaratidza Apple, zvave zviri izvo zvagara zviri mumwe wemapiyona mukugadzirisa intuitive uye ane simba maitiro ekushanda, kusimbisa mitemo yakakonzera iyo yose teknolojia yemhizha.
Mune ino post, semutero kubasa reApple, isu tichaongorora nhoroondo yeMac anoshanda masisitimu, kubva pamazuva ekutanga eMacintosh System kusvika kune yazvino. macOS Sequoia zvatinazvo nhasi.
1984: Kuberekwa kweMacintosh System
El Macintosh akatanga muna 1984 Yakaratidza nguva yakakosha munhoroondo yekombuta yako, sezvo yaive yekutanga komputa yakagadzirirwa veruzhinji. iyo yakapa graphical mushandisi interface (GUI), ichisiya mitsara yemirairo yemavara yaitonga panguva iyoyo.
El Macintosh System 1, Apple's first operating system, yakaunza revolutionary concepts sedesktop, windows uye kushandisa mbeva, sezvo kare mitsara yekuraira chete yaishandiswa.
Vashandisi vaigona kudyidzana nemifananidzo pachinzvimbo chekunyora mirairo, iyo yakaita kuti komputa iwanikwe zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe zviri nyore nemaitiro anhasi, sisitimu iyi yakaisa hwaro hweruzivo rwechizvino-zvino rwemushandisi.
Kushanduka kwekutanga: System Software uye System 7
Muchikamu chechipiri chemakore ekuma1980, Apple yakaramba ichinatsa sisitimu yekushandisa nekuvandudza kukuru. System Software yakapfuura neshanduro dzinoverengeka, ichiwedzera maficha akadai kudonhedza-pasi menyu, iyo pfungwa ye multitasking uye kutsigirwa kwetiweki kuburikidza neAppleTalk, kumwe kumukira kwenguva.
Asi dhizaini yakakosha yakauya muna 1991, apo Apple yakaburitsa System 7, imwe yeakakosha ekuvandudza munhoroondo yeMac anoshanda masisitimu, achiunza kuvandudzwa kwakadai serutsigiro rwemavara, a Yakanyanya kugadzikana kuita multitasking uye iyo pfungwa yekurangarira chaiyo. Yakaunzawo maficha akadai KukurumidzaTime yevhidhiyo uye kutamba kwekurira, kuisa hwaro hweramangwana remultimedia.
Sisitimu 7 yaive nehupenyu hurefu hunobatsira, kuve piyona mu "rutsigiro rwenguva refu", neinoenderera mberi inogadziridza iyo yakaichengeta iripo kune yakawanda ye90s.
Shandura kune yekare Mac OS
Pakati pe-90s, Apple yakatanga kutaura nezvehurongwa hwayo hwekushandisa seMac OS kuti isiyanise kubva kune mamwe masisitimu ari kubuda, sezvo paivewo nevamwe vakwikwidzi vakaita seBeOS kana SunOS vaishandisawo System nomenclature.
Mac OS 8, yakaburitswa muna 1997, yaive yakakosha kuburitswa yaisanganisira kuvandudzwa kwekuona, kugadzikana kukuru, uye kutsigirwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva hwakadai seHFS + faira system.
Muna 1999, Mac OS 9 yakasvika, iyo yazvino vhezheni yeinozivikanwa se "classic Mac OS," iyo yakavandudza kubatana kweInternet, yakawedzera rutsigiro kune vakawanda vashandisi, uye yaive yekutanga kuisa maturusi akaita seSherlock, injini yekutsvaga yepamusoro yakatangira Spotlight. .
Kunyangwe izvi zvigadziriso, pakupera kwema90s zvakava pachena kuti yekare Mac OS yaive nemipimo yakakosha, kunyanya maererano nekugadzikana, scalability uye chengetedzo, mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chekuti chimiro chayo chakawira kunze kweizvo musika waikumbira.
Apple yaida shanduko huru kuti irambe ichikwikwidza uye ndipo pakatanga kuumbwa Mac OS X.
Kusvika kweMacOS: NEXTSTEP uye kuzvarwa patsva kweApple
Uye 1996, Apple yakawana NEXT, kambani yakavambwa naSteve Jobs mushure mekubva kwake kubva kuApple muna 1985, chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti pave nenzvimbo yese uye kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, tinokupa zano kuti utarise vhidhiyo iyi naNate Gentile inotsanangura zvakanaka uye kuti tinopa zano.
Kutorwa uku kwakadzosa Mabasa kuApple, pamwe neiyo NEXTSTEP inoshanda sisitimu, iyo Yaizova hwaro hwezvatinoziva nhasi semacOS, sezvo yakaisa chinhu chakanaka nezveMac mune shaker neInotevera system, ichipa Mac OS X.
Iyi sisitimu yekushandisa yaimiririra a shanduko yakakosha mukuvakwa kweMac, sezvo yaive yakavakirwa paUNIX, "baba" veLinux, inopa kugadzikana kukuru uye chengetedzo kupfuura shanduro dzakapfuura. Uyezve, akazivisa Aqua interface, ine dhizaini inoyevedza yaisanganisira zvimiro zvakaita semahwindo anopenya uye mufananidzo Dock richiripo nanhasi.
Mac OS Idzi shanduro dzakasumwa kuvandudzwa kwekuita, maapplication matsva uye kusanganisa kukuru nehardware.
Mac OS X munguva yeIntel
Muna 2005, Apple yakazivisa shanduko yenhoroondo: shanduko kubva kuIBM's PowerPC processors kuenda kuIntel processors, ichibvumira Mac komputa kuti ikurumidze uye ishande zvakanyanya, pamwe nekuvhura musuwo wekushandisa masisitimu anoshanda seWindows kuburikidza nemidziyo yakaita seBootcamp.
Mac OS Gare gare, 10.4 Leopard yakaunza Time Machine ye otomatiki backups uye dhizaini rekuona.
Nekufamba kwenguva uye nekudyara kwakawanda kubva kuApple, Mac OS kugadzikana kunopihwa neiyo inoshanda sisitimu zvakazara.
Kubva kuMac OS X kuenda kuMacOS: Shanduko yekuzivikanwa
Muna 2016, Apple yakasarudza kurerutsa zita rehurongwa hwayo, ichitumidza zita rekuti macOS, kuitira batanidza nechirongwa chekupa mazita chemamwe masisitimu ekushandisa akadai seIOS, watchOS uye tvOS.
Yekutanga kuburitswa pasi pezita idzva iri yaive macOS Sierra (kuchinja mafambiro enzvimbo muCalifornia, guta rekumusha reApple)que yakaunza Siri kubatanidzwa uye kutsigirwa kweApple Pay online. Uye iyi vhezheni yakateverwa nevamwe vakaita se macOS High Sierra, Mojave neCatalina, izvo zvaive zvakakosha zvakagadziridzwa zvakaramba zvichivandudza kugadzikana, chengetedzo uye ruzivo rwevashandisi.
Shanduko kuApple Silicon uye yemazuva ano macOS
Asi zvinhu zvaisazopera neIntel, sezvaunotoziva, kubvira muna 2020, Apple yakazivisa imwe nhoroondo yekuchinja: shanduko kubva kuIntel processors kune yavo yako Apple Silicon chips, kutanga ne M1, zvichibva paArM mobile architecture.
Shanduko iyi yakabvumira a kunyange yakadzama kubatanidzwa pakati pehardware nesoftware, kuvandudza kushanda uye kushanda nesimba kweMacs, iyo yakawedzera kufanana ne "iPads ine keyboard", asi iine maitiro epamusoro.
The operating system macOS Huru Sur, yakatangwa muna 2020, ndiyo yekutanga kugadzirwa kuti itore mukana wekugona kweiyi itsva processor, ine iOS-yakafuridzirwa yekuona patsva izvo zvakasimudzira kusangana kukuru uku pakati pemakomputa nenharembozha.
Kubva ipapo, imwe neimwe vhezheni itsva, kutanga ne macOS Monterey uye kusvika macOS Sequoia, yakaramba ichivandudza kudyidzana pakati peApple zvishandiso, chengetedzo, uye nyore kushandisa.
Kukanganisa kweMac anoshanda masisitimu pane nhoroondo: chimwe chinhu chiri kunze kwekupokana
Mukupedzisira, chatinoona pano ndechekuti nhoroondo yeMac inoshanda masisitimu Inyaya yenguva dzose mitsva: Kubva pamazuva ekutanga eMacintosh System kusvika kune yemazuva ano macOS, Apple yakapikisa magungano uye yakamisa zviyero zvakapesvedzera indasitiri yese yehunyanzvi uye hapana anogona kuramba izvozvo.
Nekuda kwekutarisa kwayo pane ruzivo rwemushandisi, intuitive dhizaini uye hardware uye software yekubatanidza (kuwedzera kune "kusindimara" kwenyanzvi saSteve Jobs), macOS yaive uye inoramba iri imwe yemapuratifomu anokosheswa uye akavimbika izvo zvinotora kubva kuma80s kusvika zvino.
Sezvo Apple ichienderera mberi nekuvandudza, zvinonakidza kufungidzira kuti ramangwana rakamira sei kune Mac anoshanda masisitimu. Unoshinga here kupa fungidziro inotevera yekuti mapfuti achaenda kupi?
